Suryakanta 
Test for Density of Hydraulic Cement Purpose Determination of the density of hydraulic cement in connection with the design of Portland cement concrete mixtures Equipment and Materials Standard Le-Chatelier Flask as shown below Heavy rubber pad about 12 in. × 12 in. square Lead ring weight to fit around stem of the flask Funnel Thermometer … Read more
Test for Clay Lumps and Friable Particles Purpose Clay and friable particles may be present in the form of lumps in natural aggregates. If they are near the surface, these lumps can cause pitting under the influence of traffic. Specifications frequently limit these particles to a maximum of 1%. Equipment and Materials Weighing device accurate … Read more
Compressive Strength Test of Hydraulic Cement Mortar Purpose The following covers only that portion of ASTM Designation: C 109 that is required to determine the compressive strength of 50 mm (2 inches) of Portland cement mortar cubes. Equipment and Materials A 2kg scale accurate to 0.1 gram Six 50 mm (2 inch) cube molds Hard … Read more
Rodded Unit Weight of Coarse Aggregate Purpose Determination of the unit weight of coarse aggregates in a compacted condition. This test method is applicable to aggregates not exceeding 15 cm (6 inches) in nominal size. The unit weight so determined is necessary for the design of a concrete mixture by the absolute value method. Equipment … Read more
DCPT or Dynamic Cone Penetration Test The dynamic cone penetrometer is a portable equipment that can be used to evaluate different layer of a pavement such as unbound granular base, sub-base, sub-grade and also pipeline congested0 narrow trenches where testing with other equipment is difficult and not feasible due to cost, space and time constraints. … Read more
Quality Requirement of Fly Ash Bricks 1. General Quality Bricks shall be free from cracks and flaws and nodules of free lime. Bricks shall have smooth rectangular faces with sharp corners Bricks shall be uniform in colour The proportion of soil and fly ash shall be as per IS-2117-1991. Fly ash used to manufacture of … Read more
Types of Stairs A stair is a series of steps arranged in such a manner as to connect different floors of a building. Stairs are designed to provide as easy and quick access to different floors. A staircase is an enclosure which contains the complete stairway. Generally stairs are of following types Straight stairs Quarter … Read more
Advantages of Prestressed Concrete Most of the prestressed members are precast and therefore all the advantages or precast concrete hold true for prestressed concrete also. To know the advantages of precast concrete click here. In addition, there are advantages to be gained by prestressing when conditions are favorable to its use. Following additional advantages due … Read more
Depth and Spacing of Trial Pits & Borings The depth and spacing of trial pits or exploratory borings should be such as to give a true picture of the underlying soil, with regard to any major changes in thickness, depth or properties of the strata over the base area of the structure and in its … Read more
Scaffolding When temporary structures are provided to support platform for workmen, structural material and appliances required during construction at raised height (normally more than 1.5 m) it is called scaffolding. Applications of Scaffolds Scaffolding is necessary in following situations. To support the working platforms where masons can stand and carry on their duties such as … Read more
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