Tests on Aggregate Aggregate plays an important role in pavement construction. Aggregates influence, to a great extent, the load transfer capability of pavements. Hence it is essential that they should be thoroughly tested before using for construction. Not only that aggregates should be strong and durable, they should also possess proper shape and size to … Read more
Lab Tests on Bitumen to Check Quality Various tests are conducted on bitumen to assess its consistency, gradation, viscosity, temperature susceptibility, and safety. There are a number of tests to assess the properties of bituminous materials. The following tests are usually conducted to evaluate different properties of bituminous materials. Penetration test Ductility test Softening point … Read more
Dry Mix Design or Aggregate Blending The objective of dry mix design is to determine the amount of various sizes of mineral aggregates to use to get a mix of maximum density. The dry mix design involves three important steps, viz. Selection of aggregates, Aggregates gradation, and Proportion of aggregates, 1. Selection of Aggregates The … Read more
Pavements form the basic supporting structure in highway transportation. Each layer of pavement has a multitude of functions to perform which has to be duly considered during the design process. Different types of pavements can be adopted depending upon the traffic requirements. Improper design of pavements leads to early failure of pavements affecting the riding … Read more
Cross Sectional Elements of A Pavement The characteristics of cross-sectional elements are important in highway geometric design because they influence the safety and comfort. The 7 basic cross sectional elements of a highway pavement are Camber Width of Carriage way Kerb Road Margin Width of Formation Right of Way (ROW) 1.Camber Camber or cant is … Read more
Pavement Surface Characteristics For safe and comfortable driving four aspects of the pavement surface are important; The friction between the wheels and the pavement surface, Unevenness of the road surface, The light reflection characteristics of the top of pavement surface, and Drainage to water. 1.Friction Friction between the wheel and the pavement surface is a … Read more
Selection of Hill Road Alignment The main factors to be considered while deciding the alignment of hill roads, are given below. 1.Length The cost of construction of a hill road per kilometer length is comparatively very high. It should therefore be ensured that length of the road connecting two stations should be minimum possible, adopting … Read more
Selection of Material for D.P.C. Any materials to be used as D.P.C must possess following properties. They should be impervious strong and durable to register loads dimensional is stable free from Salt Lake sulfates chlorides and nitrates There are commonly 4 types of materials that can be used at DPC Flexible material (Bitumen felts, plastic … Read more
Dampness in Building Dampness in building is one of the important aspects to consider during building design. Because if neglected, it will affect the building structure adversely and will create unhygienic condition for the persons living in that building. 3 Primary Causes of Dampness in Building Penetration of water into the building components (such as … Read more
Pipes for Water Supply System Pipes which are commonly used in water supply system are given below. Cast Iron (CI) Pipes Steel Pipes Galvanized Iron (GI) Pipes Copper Pipes Plastic or Polythene or PVC pipes Asbestos Cement (AC) Pipes Concrete Pipes 1. Cast Iron Pipes These pipes are most commonly used in water distribution system … Read more