Pavements form the basic supporting structure in highway transportation. Each layer of pavement has a multitude of functions to perform which has to be duly considered during the design process. Different types of pavements can be adopted depending upon the traffic requirements. Improper design of pavements leads to early failure of pavements affecting the riding … Read more
Cross Sectional Elements of A Pavement The characteristics of cross-sectional elements are important in highway geometric design because they influence the safety and comfort. The 7 basic cross sectional elements of a highway pavement are Camber Width of Carriage way Kerb Road Margin Width of Formation Right of Way (ROW) 1.Camber Camber or cant is … Read more
Pavement Surface Characteristics For safe and comfortable driving four aspects of the pavement surface are important; The friction between the wheels and the pavement surface, Unevenness of the road surface, The light reflection characteristics of the top of pavement surface, and Drainage to water. 1.Friction Friction between the wheel and the pavement surface is a … Read more
Selection of Hill Road Alignment The main factors to be considered while deciding the alignment of hill roads, are given below. 1.Length The cost of construction of a hill road per kilometer length is comparatively very high. It should therefore be ensured that length of the road connecting two stations should be minimum possible, adopting … Read more
In order to determine the suitability of a particular soil it is essential to know the proportion of each material in the soil and also whether the particular material possesses the properties required of it. For instance, a road soil that is 95 percent sand will not cohere, and clay that does not possess the … Read more
The following are the differences between bitumens and tars. The weathering properties of bitumens are superior to those of tars. Generally greater deterioration is produced in tar than in bitumen when exposed to equal weather conditions. Bitumens have a better durability and resistance to weathering than tars. Tars are more susceptible to temperature changes than … Read more
There are a number of factors which are to be considered while selecting the alignment of roads. These factors also vary according to the type of roads and the areas through which these roads pass. The factors which control alignment of roads in plain areas as under: 1. Class & Purpose The alignment of the … Read more
WBM Road Construction Procedure Construction of water bound macadam road involves the following 6 basic steps as given below. Preparation of sub-grade Preparation of sub-base Preparation of base Preparation of wearing course Preparation of shoulders Opening to traffic Step – 1 (Construction of Sub-grade) Sub-grade act as a cushion for other layers i.e. In order … Read more
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