Following precautions are to be taken while making use of mortar Consumption of Mortar After preparation, the mortar should be consumed as early as possible. The lime mortar should be consumed within 36 hours after its preparation and it should be kept wet or damp. The cement mortar should be consumed within 30 minutes after … Read more
The knowledge about the site forms a vital role in the safe and economical development of a site. A thorough investigation of the site is an essential preliminary to the construction of any civil engineering works. Objectives of Site Investigation Work To access the general suitability of the site. To achieve safe and economical design … Read more
Based on Terzaghi’s bearing capacity equation, there are three components in contribution to the bearing capacity: (i) Surcharge pressure Foundations are normally not placed directly on the ground level. Instead, they are installed at a depth below the existing ground level. The soil pressure arising from the depth of soils serves as a surcharge imposing … Read more
Shallow foundation is commonly accepted as foundation with founding level less than 3m from ground surface. In case surface loads or surface conditions could still affect the bearing capacity, the foundation which sits on it is called shallow foundation. Pad Foundation Pad foundation refers to the foundation which is intended for sustaining concentrated loads from … Read more
It appears to be a common construction practice that bored piles are normally cast up to a piling platform much higher than the formation level of pile caps. Then, the excessive pile length has to be cropped and removed to the correct level for the subsequent construction of pile cap. The reasons of such practice … Read more
Civil Engineering is 50% common sense but common sense is that sense which is quite uncommon. -Sharat Chandra Gupta- Ornaments should not be added to buildings unless it has a definite purpose or clearly reflects the activity inside, and materials should never be camouflaged to look like something they were not. -William Jerry- The driving … Read more
Stacking and Storing of Bricks at Site Stack the bricks close to the site of work so that less effort is required to unload and transport the bricks again by loading on pallets or in barrows. Different types of bricks (such as clay bricks, clay fly ash bricks etc) shall be stacked separately. Bricks of … Read more
Reference IS 3952-1988 – Specification for burnt clay hollow bricks for walls and partitions. General Quality o Bricks shall be free from cracks and flaws and nodules of free lime. o Bricks shall have smooth rectangular faces with sharp corners o Bricks shall be of uniform in colour and texture. o Bricks shall be free … Read more
REFERENCE IS-3952-1988-Specification for the burnt clay hollow bricks used for walls and partition Objective To determine the water absorption of burnt clay hollow bricks used for walls and partitions. Equipment Name Capacity Balance Sensitive to 0.1% of mass of specimen Oven 110 to 1150C Procedure Dry the specimen in an oven maintained at a … Read more
Bricks should be soaked in water before using it in any brick work. Soaking of bricks has the following advantages. Advantages Wetting of bricks removes any dirt, sand and dust from them. Soaked bricks prevents suction of water from the wet mortar. If dry bricks are used then it will absorb water from mortar and … Read more