PROPERTIES OF HARDENED CONCRETE The following are the properties of concrete in its hardened state, used by the designer during design process of reinforced concrete structure. 1. Compressive
Properties of Aggregates Approximately 75% of the volume of concrete is occupied by aggregates, so quality of aggregates plays an important role in determining properties of concrete. Aggregates
CAUSES OF DISINTEGRATION OF CONCRETE The primary reasons that cause disintegration of concrete member are desribed below. 1. SULPHATE ATTACK Soluble sulphates are present in Ground water Soil
FACTORS AFFECTING CHOICE OF CONCRETE FOR A STRUCTURE The choice of whether a structure should be built of concrete, steel, masonry, or timber depends on the availability of
Portland Pozzolana Cement 1. Pozzolana Pozzolana is a volcanic powder found in Italy near Vesuvius A pozzolanic material is essentially a siliceous or aluminous material which possess no
AIR ENTRAINED CONCRETE A major advance in concrete technology in recent years is the introduction of tiny disconnected air bubbles into concrete called air entrainment. Air entrained concrete
Shrinkage Of Concrete When concrete structures are not permanently water-saturated, it starts to lose moisture and starts to shrink from the time when the process of curing ceases.
Quality Control in Concrete Construction Quality of concrete construction on site can be accomplished in three distinct stages as follow Quality control before concreting Quality control during concreting
Factors Affecting the Setting and Hardening of Portland cement (1) The Impact of Cement’s Composition The mineral composition of cement and their ratios are the main factors affecting
Quality Requirements of Pumped Concrete Pumped concrete can be used for most structural concrete construction but is most useful where space for construction equipment is limited or access
