12 LOGICAL STEPS TO SELECT SOIL & ROCK PROPERTIES

Fig-1 Selection Soil & Rock Properties

How to Select Soil & Rock Properties for Engineering Design? A rational approach for selecting soil & rock properties for engineering design can be summarized as a logical twelve-step procedure that covers the 3 primary stages i.e. Site Investigation and Field Testing, Laboratory Testing and Interpretation, and Engineering Design This step-by-step process is presented on … Read more

VISCOSITY TEST OF BITUMEN (IS 1206-PART-2)

Pic-5 Viscosity test of bitumen

ABSOLUTE VISCOSITY TEST OF BITUMEN Reference IS: 1206 (Part 2) – Method for Testing Tar and Bitumen Materials: Determination of Absolute Viscosity Test Equipment The following testing equipment is needed to measure absolute viscosity of viscosity graded paving bitumen (IS:73-2006) at 60 C in accordance with IS:1206 (Part 2) (similar to ASTM D 2171), which … Read more

6 TYPES OF ROLLERS COMMONLY USED FOR COMPACTION WORK

Types of Rollers Depending upon the project requirement and soil to be compacted, different types of rollers are used for compaction work. The various types of rollers which are used for compaction are: Cylindrical Rollers Sheepsfoot Rollers Pneumatic tyred Rollers Smooth wheeled Rollers Vibratory Rollers Grid Rollers The following types of road rollers are generally … Read more

TIPS TO CURE CONCRETE IN COLD WEATHER

How to Cure Concrete in Cold Weather? Curing concrete becomes a more challenging job in colder days. Heavy snowfall and excessive humidity in the air are a few typical sights of the winter season which prevent concrete slabs from hardening properly in time. When temperature goes below 0 degree Celsius or minus 7 degree Celsius, … Read more

HOW TO CONSTRUCT ROOT PILES? [STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE]

Root Pile Construction Root piles are very small diameter piles (generally 60 mm to 135 mm). Length of the root piles generally vary within 4 m to 30 m. The concept of root pile was first introduced by an Italian engineer named F. Lizzi. His primary concern behind root pile development was to do underpinning … Read more

HOW TO CONSTRUCT A LOW COST BRICK WALKWAY?

Construction of Low Cost Brick Walkway The primary aim for construction of a walkway is to provide easy access within a garden, awn or yard. Because in rainy season, water collected on the ground surface makes it sloppy or muddy. This causes difficulty in easy access. To avoid this we can build an inexpensive brick … Read more

HOW TO REPAIR RC BEAMS & COLUMNS DAMAGED BY STEEL CORROSION?

Repair of Cracks in Reinforced Concrete Beams & Columns The primary cause of corrosion of steel in concrete is due to carbonation or due to chloride. Corrosion is electro-chemical process which results in formation of rust. The volume of rust formed due to steel corrosion is more than the volume of original steel. This increase … Read more

CORROSION OF CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT – CAUSES & REMEDIES

factors influencing corrosion of reinforcement in concrete structure

Corrosion of Concrete Reinforcement Corrosion is a chemical process of destruction of material because of its reaction with the environmental conditions. The most predominant among various factors of corrosion is the atmospheric corrosion which causes the rusting of steel. Appreciable corrosion only starts when the relative humidity of the air exceeds around 65%. In dry, … Read more

HOW TO INSPECT CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION WORK ON SITE?

concrete placing precautions

Recommended Procedures for Concrete Inspection The following procedures have been found worthwhile, to enhance the probability of carrying out the intent of the designs and specifications on a large variety of projects. This results in a completed facility that will properly ensure the purpose for which it is intended, at minimum maintenance cost. The purpose … Read more

2 TEST METHODS TO MEASURE DENSITY OF SOIL ON SITE

Measurement of Soil Compaction in the Field It is necessary in many instances to know the wet/dry densities of the soil in the field, especially before planning activities such as compaction. The same becomes particularly important in instances such as the construction of earth dams, embankments etc. to control the field compaction, that is, to … Read more