PROPERTIES OF HARDENED CONCRETE The following are the properties of concrete in its hardened state, used by the designer during design process of reinforced concrete structure. 1. Compressive
Design Procedures for a Building Foundation (Step by Step) Good design must not only be safe but must aim to save construction costs, time and materials. The following
PRACTICAL PROBLEMS TO KEEP IN MIND BEFORE FOUNDATION DESIGN There are, in foundation design, a number of practical construction problems and costs to be considered. The chief ones
Bulking of Sand – What, Why & How? After watching this video you will be able to answer following questions. What is bulking of sand? Why bulking happens?
Properties of Aggregates Approximately 75% of the volume of concrete is occupied by aggregates, so quality of aggregates plays an important role in determining properties of concrete. Aggregates
FIRE RESISTING PROPERTIES OF COMMON BUILDING MTERIALS Fire resisting properties of common building materials such as stone, brick, timber, cast-iron, glass, steel and concrete are mentioned below. 1.
CAUSES OF DISINTEGRATION OF CONCRETE The primary reasons that cause disintegration of concrete member are desribed below. 1. SULPHATE ATTACK Soluble sulphates are present in Ground water Soil
Minimising Defects in Plastering Work Defects in plastering work can be minimised by following the below mentioned techniques. The brick and plastering work should be carried out by
BRICKWORK CHECK LIST FOR SITE ENGINEERS While on site, a site engineer must ensure that the brickwork is going on as per quality requirements. Some of the general
Compounds of Cement About 90-95% of a Portland cement is comprised of the four main cement minerals, which are C3S, C2S, C3A, and C4AF, with the remainder consisting
